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Singapore TDVL Cheat Sheet

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Paper A Safety

  • Not published of exam
  • Road Safety Passenger Engagement Passenger Handling Professional Conduct Incident Response

Paper B Regulations

  • Not published of exam
  • Taxi Rules PHC Rules Fares and Meters VLPS Licence Renewal

Paper C Routes

  • Not published of exam
  • Key Routes Route Planning Street Directory Digital Navigation Pickup Restrictions

Quick Facts

  • Licence scope Taxi and PHC
  • Current course 12 hours
  • Assessment Three papers
  • Pass rule Pass all three
  • Numeric pass marks Not published
  • Exam duration Not published
  • Paper weights Not published
  • Minimum age 30 years
  • Licence validity Three years
  • Refresher cycle Every six years

ABC Papers PA

  • A Safety | B Rules | C Routes
  • A: safety and passengers B: taxi and PHC rules C: routes and navigation

Course vs Assessment PA

Course

  • Current 12 hours
  • Three learning areas
  • Approved provider

Assessment

  • Three e-test papers
  • Pass all three
  • LTA-appointed centre
  • Training time is not exam time

Assessment Map PA

  • Paper A Safety and passenger engagement
  • Paper B Taxi and PHC regulations
  • Paper C Routes and navigation
  • Delivery Electronic test
  • Test venue LTA-appointed test centre
  • Completion rule Pass all three papers
  • Paper weights Not published
  • Question counts Not published
  • Per-paper duration Not published
  • Numeric pass marks Not published

Taxi vs PHC Child Restraint PA

Taxi

  • Child-seat exemption
  • Can be street-hailed

PHC

  • Child restraint required
  • Below 1.35 metres
  • Book suitable service
  • Vehicle type controls exemption

Safety + Passenger Care PA

  • Driver conduct Civil and orderly
  • Boarding safety Protect entering passengers
  • Alighting safety Protect exiting passengers
  • Premature termination Needs reasonable excuse
  • Taxi child restraint Taxi exemption applies
  • PHC child restraint Required below 1.35 metres
  • Folded wheelchair Taxi boot accommodates
  • Inward recording LTA permission required
  • Lost property Deposit promptly as prescribed
  • Passenger harassment Prohibited

Fare Four PA

  • Flag-down | Distance-time | Surcharges | Booking
  • F: flag-down D: distance and time S: surcharges B: booking fee

TDVL vs PDVL PA

TDVL

  • Drive taxis
  • Drive PHCs
  • Street-hail possible

PDVL

  • Drive PHCs only
  • Bookings only
  • No street-hail
  • TDVL covers both vehicle types

Application Path PA

  • Starting application → Check six requirements ( Age citizenship licence English )
  • Requirements met → Apply through GoBusiness ( Upload required proof )
  • ATC received → Complete medical and X-ray ( Doctor uses HMER )
  • Medical accepted → Register approved course ( Present ATC and acceptance )
  • Course completed → Take Papers A/B/C ( Pass all three )
  • Any paper failed → Book re-assessment ( Keep passed certificates )
  • All papers passed → Receive temporary VL ( Same day )
  • After passing → Check Singpass ( Digital VL within 20 days )

Eligibility + Application PA

  • Minimum age 30 at application
  • Citizenship Singapore Citizen
  • Driving licence Class 3 or 3A
  • Driving experience More than one year
  • English Speak and read basic English
  • Self-employed MediSave Contributions up-to-date
  • Criminal record Clean record required
  • Application portal GoBusiness
  • English proof D7 or WPLN Level 3
  • LTA approval ATC letter

VLPS Ladder PA

  • Ten two | Fifteen four | Twenty eight
  • 6-10: two weeks 11-15: four weeks 16-20: eight weeks Above 20: possible revocation

Street-Hail vs Ride-Hail PA

Street-Hail

  • Taxi only
  • Metered fare
  • Road or taxi stand

Ride-Hail

  • Taxi or PHC
  • Phone or app booking
  • Flat fare may apply
  • Hail mode controls fare method

Fare + Meter Path PA

  • Street-hail journey → Use metered fare ( Published surcharges apply )
  • App flat fare → Use upfront amount ( Operator displays it )
  • Everyone boarded → Accept hiring then start ( Never start early )
  • Hiring terminates → Stop meter ( Stop immediately )
  • Route not specified → Shortest direct route ( Absent reasonable cause )
  • Passenger requests route → Confirm preference ( Avoid later dispute )
  • Fare collected → Issue journey receipt ( Include required details )
  • Fare uncertainty → Check published policy ( Never improvise charges )

Medical + Issuance PA

  • Initial medical Medical check and chest X-ray
  • HMER Doctor submits digitally
  • HMER effective 2 February 2026
  • ATC processing About 15 working days
  • Application fee $40 non-refundable
  • Temporary VL Issued same passing day
  • Digital VL Singpass within 20 working days
  • Standard validity Three years
  • Age 67 onward Validity may shorten
  • Statutory age limit 75 years

Application Sequence PA

  • Apply | Medical | Train | Pass
  • Apply: GoBusiness Medical: HMER and X-ray Train: approved provider Pass: all three papers

Metered vs Flat Fare PA

Metered

  • Street-hail required
  • Distance and time
  • Published surcharges

Flat Fare

  • Ride-hail option
  • Shown before booking
  • Operator sets amount
  • Street means meter

Renewal Path PA

  • Renewal notice arrives → Complete listed requirements ( Follow notice method )
  • Age 50 plus → Complete medical assessment ( HMER submission )
  • Turning 70/73/74 → Pass on-road assessment ( Plus medical requirements )
  • Active good VLPS → Attend three-hour refresher ( When LTA directs )
  • Other TDVL record → Attend five-hour refresher ( When LTA directs )
  • Expired under six months → Renew per notice ( Meet outstanding requirements )
  • Expired six months-plus → Submit late renewal ( LTA assesses application )
  • Expired over three years → Submit new application ( Renewal unavailable )

Licence Renewal PA

  • Renewal notice One to two months early
  • Renewed validity Three years
  • Refresher frequency Once every six years
  • Active good-record driver Three-hour refresher
  • Other TDVL holder Five-hour refresher
  • Age 50 plus Medical assessment required
  • Turning 70/73/74 Additional on-road assessment
  • Expired under six months Renew using notice instructions
  • Expired six months-plus Late renewal assessment
  • Expired over three years New application required

Renew vs Reapply PA

Renew

  • Expired under three years
  • Late assessment may apply
  • Meet notice requirements

Reapply

  • Expired over three years
  • New application
  • Full eligibility applies
  • Three years changes pathway

P2P Service Rules PA

  • TDVL authority Taxi and PHC
  • PDVL authority PHC only
  • Taxi access Street-hail and ride-hail
  • PHC access Ride-hail booking only
  • Street-hail fare Metered
  • Ride-hail flat fare Displayed upfront
  • Taxi stand Reserved for taxis
  • P2P stop Follow posted access signs
  • Car-pool driver Maximum two daily trips
  • Licensed ride-hail Use authorised provider

Active vs Other Refresher PA

Active Good Record

  • Three-hour course
  • LTA service record
  • Good VLPS record

Other Holder

  • Five-hour course
  • Follow LTA notice
  • Do not self-select
  • LTA notice decides duration

Fares + Meters PA

  • Fare components Flag-down distance time surcharge booking
  • Taxi fares Companies determine independently
  • Meter start After boarding and accepted hiring
  • Meter stop When hiring terminates
  • Meter reset Never during hiring
  • Route duty Shortest and most direct
  • Reasonable cause May justify alternate route
  • Fare charged Follow published pricing policy
  • Journey receipt Issue required details
  • Unreasonable refusal Prohibited

VLPS Consequence Ladder PA

  • Relevant period Rolling 24 months
  • 1-5 points No suspension
  • 6-10 points Two-week suspension
  • 11-15 points Four-week suspension
  • 16-20 points Eight-week suspension
  • Above 20 points Licence may be revoked
  • Expired VL driving 21 points
  • Taximeter tampering 21 points
  • Unreasonable taxi refusal 6 points
  • Wrong pickup location 3 points

Legal Stop Scan PA

  • Lane | Nine metres | Signs | Stand
  • Check bus lane hours Clear bus stop Obey signs and lines Use designated location

Taxi Stand vs P2P Stop PA

Taxi Stand

  • Taxis queue
  • Reserved for taxis
  • Enter from rear

P2P Stop

  • Shared stopping point
  • Follow posted signs
  • No taxi queue assumption
  • Stand reservation differs

Pickup Decision Path PA

  • PHC street-hail request → Do not accept ( Bookings only )
  • Taxi street hail → Check stopping legality ( Outside restricted zones )
  • Taxi stand → Taxi queue only ( Enter from rear )
  • P2P stop → Follow posted access ( Check current signage )
  • Bus lane operating → Do not stop ( Pickup and drop-off barred )
  • Near bus stop → Keep nine metres ( Minimum clearance )
  • No-stop signs or lines → Continue onward ( Stopping prohibited )
  • Building driveway available → Use driveway ( Preferred safe location )

Pickup Restrictions PA

  • Operating bus lane No pickup or drop-off
  • Bus stop clearance Stay nine metres away
  • No-stop sign Do not stop
  • No-stop road line Do not stop
  • CBD bus lane Restrictions apply during operation
  • Taxi stand entry Enter from rear
  • Taxi stand queue Move toward front
  • Preferred pickup Designated stand stop driveway
  • Unauthorised location Never board or alight

Route Planning Path PA

  • Trip begins → Confirm both locations ( Include exact entrances )
  • Using street directory → Find index and grid ( Trace connecting roads )
  • Using digital navigation → Check live conditions ( Verify suggested route )
  • Several routes exist → Choose shortest direct ( Unless reasonably unsuitable )
  • CBD or bus lanes → Check operating restrictions ( Plan legal stopping )
  • Passenger prefers alternative → Confirm requested route ( Follow agreed choice )

Expressway Key PA

  • AYE Ayer Rajah Expressway
  • BKE Bukit Timah Expressway
  • CTE Central Expressway
  • ECP East Coast Parkway
  • KJE Kranji Expressway
  • KPE Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway
  • MCE Marina Coastal Expressway
  • PIE Pan Island Expressway
  • SLE Seletar Expressway
  • TPE Tampines Expressway

Route Planning PA

  • Origin Confirm exact pickup
  • Destination Confirm exact entrance
  • Printed directory Use index and grid
  • Digital navigation Check traffic and closures
  • Default route Shortest and most direct
  • Passenger preference Confirm requested alternative
  • Current restrictions Check before departure
  • Navigation device Keep current and available

Common Traps

Course is now 12 hours

  • Effective 24 February 2025 ≠ Old pages may show 16

Pass all three papers

  • Numeric marks not published ≠ Do not reuse old thresholds

Course time differs from exam

  • Course: 12 hours ≠ Exam duration: not published

TDVL is broader than PDVL

  • TDVL: taxi and PHC ≠ PDVL: PHC only

Taxi stand is taxi-only

  • Taxis may queue ≠ PHCs use permitted pickups

Street-hail fare uses meter

  • Street-hail: metered ≠ App flat fare: upfront

Start meter after boarding

  • All passengers aboard ≠ Hiring accepted first

Child restraint rules differ

  • Taxi exemption applies ≠ PHC below 1.35m requires restraint

VLPS uses rolling window

  • Relevant period: 24 months ≠ Above 20 may revoke

Long expiry means reapplication

  • Under three years: renewal pathway ≠ Over three years: new application

Last Minute

  • 1. Confirm ATC remains valid
  • 2. Bring Singpass and ATC
  • 3. Review all three papers
  • 4. Paper weights are not published
  • 5. Numeric pass marks remain unpublished
  • 6. Current course is 12 hours
  • 7. Street-hail fare uses meter
  • 8. App flat fare appears upfront
  • 9. Start meter after boarding
  • 10. Stop meter when hiring ends
  • 11. Remember nine-metre bus-stop clearance
  • 12. Use shortest direct route
  • 13. Check current stopping restrictions
  • 14. Refresher occurs every six years

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