Cheat sheet
UKBI Cheat Sheet
Mendengarkan (Listening)
- 25% of exam
- Dialogue Monologue Speaker Intent Inference Adaptive Units
Merespons Kaidah (Grammar)
- 25% of exam
- PUEBI Imbuhan Kata Baku Kalimat Efektif Punctuation
Membaca (Reading)
- 35% of exam
- Main Idea Inference Fakta vs Opini Vocab Context Adaptive Texts
Menulis (Writing)
- 10% of exam
- Standard Register Coherence PUEBI Production
Berbicara (Speaking)
- 5% of exam
- Standard Register Fluency Pronunciation Production
Quick Facts
- Exam UKBI Adaptif Merdeka
- Body Badan Bahasa
- Sections 5 (Listen, Grammar, Read, Write, Speak)
- Items Adaptive, up to 8 units
- Time 30,25,45,60,20 min per section
- Bands 7 predikat (Terbatas-Istimewa)
- Scale 251-800 (no CEFR)
- Pass Institution sets required band
- Format CBT adaptive (IRT)
- Simulasi simulasiukbi.kemendikdasmen.go.id
Listening Strategy Picker LI
- Dialogue, ask tone → Identify sikap ( formal/casual )
- Monologue news → Capture facts ( who/what/when )
- Lecture, ask main point → Find thesis ( first/last line )
- Ask speaker intent → menginformasikan/meyakinkan/mengajak ( inform/persuade/invite )
- Ask implied meaning → Inferensi ( beyond literal )
Listening Strategies LI
- Dialog 2+ speakers; tone, turn
- Monolog Single speaker; news/lecture
- Intent menginformasikan, meyakinkan
- Sikap Speaker attitude, tone
- Implisit Implied meaning
- Fakta Explicit, verifiable
- Opini Judgment, not verifiable
- Kesimpulan Logical conclusion
meN- Assimilation GR
- meng (vowel/kg/h) | mem (bpfv) | men (dt) | meny (cjssz)
- meng: vowel/k/g/h mem: b/p/f/v men: d/t meny: c/j/s/sy/z me: l,m,n,r,w
di (preposition) vs di- (prefix) GR
di (prep)
- Location
- Separate word
- di rumah, di kamar
di- (prefix)
- Passive verb
- Attached
- ditulis, dibaca
- Place vs passive
Choosing meN- Allomorph GR
- Root starts with vowel → meng- ( mengantar, mengajar )
- Root starts with k/g/h → meng- ( mengupas )
- Root starts with b,p,f,v → mem- ( membaca, memukul )
- Root starts with d/t → men- ( mendengar, menulis )
- Root starts c,j,s,sy,z → meny- ( menyapu, menyusun )
- Root starts l,m,n,r,w → me- ( melihat, merasa )
- Need passive of meN- verb → di- + root ( ditulis, dibaca )
- Need actor noun from meN- → peN- ( penulis, pembaca )
7 Predikat Bands GR
- Terbatas 251-325 (lowest)
- Marginal 326-404
- Semenjana 405-481
- Madya 482-577
- Unggul 578-640 (teacher min)
- Sangat Unggul 641-724
- Istimewa 725-800 (highest)
7 Predikat Bands GR
- Terbatas-Marginal-Semenjana-Madya-Unggul-Sangat Unggul-Istimewa
- Terbatas: 251-325 Madya: 482-577 Unggul: 578-640 Istimewa: 725-800
ke (preposition) vs ke- (prefix) GR
ke (prep)
- Direction
- Separate word
- ke pasar, ke sekolah
ke- (prefix)
- Ordinal
- Attached
- ketiga, kelima
- Direction vs ordinal
di/ke: Prefix vs Preposition GR
- Indicates location → di (separate) ( di rumah )
- Indicates direction → ke (separate) ( ke pasar )
- Passive verb marker → di- (attached) ( ditulis )
- Ordinal number → ke- (attached) ( ketiga, kelima )
- Sentence-initial location → Di + place ( capital D )
- Negating with bukan → bukan di ( separate )
- di + time/temporal → pada ( use pada, not di )
- ke + abstract goal → kepada ( formal recipient )
PUEBI Spelling GR
- PUEBI Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia
- EYD Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan (older)
- KBBI Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia
- Loanwords Adapt to Indonesian phonology
- k, p, t Aspirated stops, no -h
- Reduplication Hyphen: anak-anak
- Capitalization Proper nouns, titles
- Numbers Use digits with units
KBBI = Dictionary GR
- KBBI is the standard Indonesian dictionary (Badan Bahasa)
- Baku = KBBI form Apotek not apotik Izin not ijin Praktik not praktek
Kata Baku vs Tidak Baku GR
Baku
- KBBI standard
- apotek, izin
- Formal writing
Tidak baku
- Common variant
- apotik, ijin
- Informal speech
- Standard vs non-standard
Active vs Passive Transform GR
- Active: S does V to O → meN- + root ( Siswa membaca buku )
- Passive: O receives V → di- + root ( Buku dibaca siswa )
- Passive with ter- → ter- (accidental) ( tertulis, terbawa )
- Need actor noun → peN- + root ( penulis, pembaca )
- Sentence has para + redup → para + noun (one) ( para siswa )
- Kalimat not effective → trim redundancy ( remove siswa-siswa )
meN- Assimilation GR
- me- + vowel/k/g/h meng- (mengantar, mengajar)
- me- + b/p/f/v mem- (membaca, memukul)
- me- + d/t men- (mendengar, menulis)
- me- + c/j/s/sy/z meny- (menyapu, menjuang)
- me- + sonorants me- (melihat, merasa)
- me- + a/e/i/o/u meng- (mengingat)
- Passive meN- di- + root
Aktif vs Pasif GR
Aktif
- Subject acts
- meN- prefix
- Siswa membaca buku
Pasif
- Subject receives
- di- prefix
- Buku dibaca siswa
- Doer vs receiver
Other Imbuhan GR
- ber- Have/possess (bersepeda)
- di- (prefix) Passive (ditulis)
- di (prep) Location (di rumah)
- ke- (prefix) Ordinal (ketiga)
- ke (prep) Direction (ke pasar)
- peN- Actor/tool (penulis, pemukul)
- se- One/whole (seorang, sedunia)
- kan Causative/benefactive (ambilkan)
- i Repetitive/locative (tiduri)
- ke-an Abstract/state (keindahan)
- per-an Process (perkembangan)
- me-kan Transitive verb (melakukan)
EYD vs PUEBI GR
EYD
- Older spelling system
- Pre-2015
- Historical rules
PUEBI
- Current standard
- Post-2015
- Modernized rules
- Legacy vs current
Kata Baku (KBBI) GR
- apotek NOT apotik
- aktivitas NOT aktifitas
- diagnosis NOT diagnosa
- analisis NOT analisa
- praktik NOT praktek
- izin NOT ijin
- khusus NOT khusus/khusu
- nasihat NOT nasehat
- buku NOT buku (standard)
- kelas NOT kelaz
dari vs daripada GR
dari
- Time/place origin
- Comparison of place
- dari Jakarta
daripada
- Comparison of noun
- lebih...daripada
- prefer over
- Origin vs comparison
Punctuation GR
- Period (.) End declarative sentence
- Comma (,) Separate list items
- Semicolon (;) Separate clauses
- Colon (:) Introduce list/quote
- Hyphen (-) Reduplication, compound
- Dash (—) Interruption, apposition
- Quote (“”) Direct speech
- Apostrophe (') Elided year ('26)
Kalimat Types GR
- Aktif Subject does action
- Pasif Subject receives (di-/ter-)
- Efektif Clear, concise, no waste
- Kalimat utama Topic sentence
- Simpleks Single clause
- Majemuk Compound (2+ clauses)
- Kompleks Complex (subordinate)
- Negatif tidak, bukan, jangan
Konjungsi & Majas GR
- dan Additive (and)
- tetapi Adversative (but)
- atau Alternative (or)
- karena Causal (because)
- jika Conditional (if)
- meskipun Concessive (although)
- Metafora Direct comparison
- Personifikasi Humanize non-human
- Hiperbola Exaggeration
- Simile Like/as comparison
Test Mechanics GR
- Adaptive (IRT) Difficulty adjusts to ability
- Unit 5 items per unit
- Max units 8 per Mendengarkan/Membaca
- Kaidah items Up to 32 MCQ
- Early items Weight more (placement)
- CBT Computer-based, online
- Simulasi Free official practice
- No CEFR 7 predikat bands instead
Adaptive IRT RE
- Right->harder; wrong->easier (early weights more)
- 5 items per unit Up to 8 units IRT-based Personalized
Reading Strategies RE
- Ide pokok Main idea; first/last sentence
- Inferensi Beyond literal text
- Eksposisi Expository; factual
- Argumentasi Argues a position
- Narasi Tells a story
- Prosedur Steps/instructions
- Vocab context Mean from surrounding text
- Adaptive Performance adjusts difficulty
Formal vs Cakapan WR
Formal
- Standard baku
- Official writing
- No slang
Cakapan
- Spoken style
- Conversational
- Slang allowed
- Written vs spoken
Register & Usage WR
- Formal Standard, official, written
- Cakapan Spoken, conversational
- Baku Standard form (KBBI)
- Tidak baku Non-standard variant
- Lugas Direct, no ornament
- Sinonim Same meaning word
- Antonim Opposite meaning word
- Homonim Same sound, diff meaning
Common Traps
di place vs di- passive
- di rumah (location) ≠ ditulis (passive verb)
ke direction vs ke- ordinal
- ke pasar (direction) ≠ ketiga (ordinal)
Baku vs tidak baku
- apotek, izin (KBBI) ≠ apotik, ijin (variant)
Aktif vs pasif
- Siswa membaca (meN-) ≠ Buku dibaca (di-)
dari vs daripada
- dari Jakarta (origin) ≠ lebih baik daripada (compare)
Fakta vs opini
- Verifiable facts ≠ Subjective judgments
Para + reduplikasi
- para siswa (correct) ≠ para siswa-siswa (redundant)
Formal vs cakapan register
- Baku for writing ≠ Cakapan for speech
Last Minute
- 1. meN-: meng,mem,men,meny,me
- 2. di+place = preposition; di+verb = passive
- 3. ke+direction = preposition; ke+number = ordinal
- 4. KBBI = standard dictionary; baku over variant
- 5. Adaptive: early items weight more
- 6. 7 bands: Terbatas to Istimewa
- 7. Kalimat efektif: trim para + reduplikasi
- 8. Ide pokok = first/last sentence
- 9. Fakta = verifiable; opini = judgment
- 10. dari = origin/place; daripada = comparison
- 11. Simulasi at simulasiukbi.kemendikdasmen.go.id
UKBI — Indonesian Language Proficiency Test
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